Community-Based Solar Photovoltaic Distributed Generation and its Effect on Distribution

Tony Khristanto Hariadi, Teguh Nugroho, Agus Jamal, Pamungkas Jutta Prahara

Abstract


Utilization of solar home system (SHS) can be increased through government policies implemented on residential customers with an R3 rating, urging them to invest in solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants using 5%, 10%, and 15% of the standard total house construction price. The selection of customers with an R3 rating is due to the high initial cost of installing solar PV and insufficient financing opportunities for renewable energy projects exist due to the lack of adequate resources allocated by local banks. But there were other things that must be considered in regard to SHS penetration's impact on the distribution network, which could result in negative impacts, namely effect on voltage, power factor, and loads. The study would like to determine the impact of PV system penetration on the distribution network, identify the level of PV system penetration that is compliant with prevailing regulations, and determine whether the investment policy of PV systems for R3 rating customers can be implemented without disrupting the distribution network. In the study, power penetration was simulated using ETAP software to determine the impact on distribution network. Simulation uses the distribution network data of Bantul Power Station feeder, coded BNL and using BNL1, BNL2, BNL3, BNL5, BNL14, and BNL17 as the network test, and electricity customers in the region especially with an R3 rating. The simulation was carried out by adding solar PV generation to the feeder with an investment of 5%, 10%, and 15% of USD 35,000, assuming all distribution network expenses come from R3 customers. Result shows that the solar PV investment policy was considerable safe at 5% investment in all feeders even though power penetration affects the voltage, power factor, and conducting load. However, four feeders at 10% investment and all feeders at 15% investment exceed the power factor tolerance, thus give alert to distribution network.

Keywords


Distributed generation; Energy policy; On-grid solar photovoltaic; Power factor; Renewable energy

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References


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